General Information
Year 2 is framed around a second cycle through the body systems. The emphasis on the relationships between normal structure and function continues and builds complexity by teaching body systems. Students will work through a variety of authentic patient cases via small group learning. The pathophysiology of core conditions is delivered in organ-system blocks. A basic understanding of diagnostic investigations is introduced. Health system structures across diverse population settings are further explored. Core elements of the scientific method are applied to appraise quantitative and qualitative evidence. Quality and safety frameworks, legislation, and clinical guidelines that support patient quality and safety are identified.
Broader aspects of health psychology that underpin issues relating to chronic illness, health uncertainty, and predicting or modifying health behaviours are introduced. As the year progresses, behavioural sciences content is deepened by exploring the variation in health outcomes by phenotype and in individuals, groups, and populations. This is informed by learning in epigenetics, biological underpinnings of behaviour, and social and cultural diversity, as well as economic disparity. Health psychology continues to enhance this knowledge with cognitive and emotional relevance. Roles of First Nations health workers, the kinship care systems in the context of Australia’s past policies, and the inequities and challenges of providing care in remote communities are explored. Social, political, and economic factors associated with healthcare in remote communities, including inequities, will be discussed.
The foundation of knowledge and skills that define a competent practitioner continues with history taking and acknowledges emotional aspects of healthcare inherent to being a patient, family member or carer and, therefore, essential for practitioners to recognise. Specialist communication skills are introduced by teaching the SPIKES framework of breaking bad news. Physical examination is taught in conjunction with the study of the body systems and the acquisition of an array of related procedural skills.
Foundations of ethical principles are extended by increasing the emphasis on the medico-legal framework of healthcare. The students’ ethical framework is further developed through the introduction of an ethics toolkit with application to clinical ethics cases. A competency approach for the continuous development of personal and social skills that underpin professionalism is embedded within small-group learning. This supports the continued spiralled development of the essential skills that build professionalism and leadership, such as critical thinking, reflection, and constructive insight involving other skills, such as giving and receiving feedback. A range of learning techniques is used to support the transition phases of the students to be work-ready when graduating with strong, demonstratable, professional attributes and skillsets, with placements in the community continuing to provide occupational context for healthcare systems.
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Details
Academic unit: Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Subject code: MEDI12-201 Subject title: Challenges to Health Part A Subject level: Undergraduate Semester/Year: January 2025 Credit points: 50.000 -
Delivery & attendance
Timetable: https://bond.edu.au/timetable Delivery mode: Standard Workload items: Attendance and learning activities: There are compulsory attendance requirements for this subject. Students can fail this subject if they do not meet the attendance requirements. Consult your subject iLearn site for the detailed attendance procedure. -
Resources
Prescribed resources: No Prescribed resources.
After enrolment, students can check the Books and Tools area in iLearn for the full Resource List.iLearn@Bond & Email: iLearn@Bond is the online learning environment at Bond University and is used to provide access to subject materials, lecture recordings and detailed subject information regarding the subject curriculum, assessment and timing. Both iLearn and the Student Email facility are used to provide important subject notifications. Additionally, official correspondence from the University will be forwarded to students’ Bond email account and must be monitored by the student. To access these services, log on to the Student Portal from the Bond University website as www.bond.edu.au
Academic unit: | Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine |
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Subject code: | MEDI12-201 |
Subject title: | Challenges to Health Part A |
Subject level: | Undergraduate |
Semester/Year: | January 2025 |
Credit points: | 50.000 |
Timetable: | https://bond.edu.au/timetable |
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Delivery mode: | Standard |
Workload items: | |
Attendance and learning activities: | There are compulsory attendance requirements for this subject. Students can fail this subject if they do not meet the attendance requirements. Consult your subject iLearn site for the detailed attendance procedure. |
Prescribed resources: | No Prescribed resources. After enrolment, students can check the Books and Tools area in iLearn for the full Resource List. |
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iLearn@Bond & Email: | iLearn@Bond is the online learning environment at Bond University and is used to provide access to subject materials, lecture recordings and detailed subject information regarding the subject curriculum, assessment and timing. Both iLearn and the Student Email facility are used to provide important subject notifications. Additionally, official correspondence from the University will be forwarded to students’ Bond email account and must be monitored by the student. To access these services, log on to the Student Portal from the Bond University website as www.bond.edu.au |
Enrolment requirements
Requisites: |
Nil |
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Assumed knowledge: |
Assumed knowledge is the minimum level of knowledge of a subject area that students are assumed to have acquired through previous study. It is the responsibility of students to ensure they meet the assumed knowledge expectations of the subject. Students who do not possess this prior knowledge are strongly recommended against enrolling and do so at their own risk. No concessions will be made for students’ lack of prior knowledge.
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Restrictions: |
Nil |
Assurance of learning
Assurance of Learning means that universities take responsibility for creating, monitoring and updating curriculum, teaching and assessment so that students graduate with the knowledge, skills and attributes they need for employability and/or further study.
At Bond University, we carefully develop subject and program outcomes to ensure that student learning in each subject contributes to the whole student experience. Students are encouraged to carefully read and consider subject and program outcomes as combined elements.
Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs)
Program Learning Outcomes provide a broad and measurable set of standards that incorporate a range of knowledge and skills that will be achieved on completion of the program. If you are undertaking this subject as part of a degree program, you should refer to the relevant degree program outcomes and graduate attributes as they relate to this subject.
Subject Learning Outcomes (SLOs)
On successful completion of this subject the learner will be able to:
- Demonstrate sensitivity to cultural, gender, age, and all forms of diversity in communication with simulated participants in increasingly complex patient presentations and adapting to various clinical settings. [Communication]
- Reflect on Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander knowledges of wellbeing and healthcare models to sensitively screen for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander identity with patients in safe learning environments. [Communication]
- Demonstrate effective patient-centred history-taking using the eco-biopsychosocial approach related to specific body systems. [History Taking]
- Demonstrate an effective patient-centred physical examination of a relevant body system. [Physical Examination]
- Apply foundational knowledge and rationale to the interpretation of clinical features using a safe diagnostic approach. [Clinical Reasoning]
- Recognise and explain vital sign parameters, conscious levels and mental state, that indicate a deteriorating or critically unwell patient who needs immediate care. [Emergency Care]
- Demonstrate competency in performing a range of procedural skills and investigations using aseptic techniques. [Procedural Skills]
- Demonstrate principles and safe administration of parenteral treatments. [Administration therapeutics]
- Evaluate physiological and adverse effects as an extension of drug pharmacology and their implications. [Therapeutics]
- Identify the principles of digital health informatics and practice appropriate use of digital technologies in healthcare resources. [Digital Technologies]
- Identify and describe foundations of effective patient management across different body systems. [Patient Management]
- Record information in real or simulated contexts using observation and listening skills, and report recorded information accurately in both oral and written formats. [Documentation]
- Describe and apply the broad principles of the “Medical Program Charter” as they influence diagnosis, management and care of patients, their families and communities in the context of multidisciplinary, patient-centred care. [Professional behaviour]
- Demonstrate, in a supportive environment, the interpersonal and communication skills necessary to be an effective collaborator and member in diverse teams. [Teamwork]
- Identify and describe the breadth of roles of healthcare professionals. [Professional Identity]
- Explain the core attributes of leadership in healthcare. [Leadership]
- Identify and describe the broad principles and concepts of medical ethics. [Ethical behaviours]
- Identify and describe the legal responsibilities of a medical practitioner across a range of professional and personal contexts. [Legal Responsibilities]
- Identify and explain demonstrate one’s values, beliefs, strengths and weaknesses through reflection, self-assessment and feedback, supporting self-development and learning. [Critical Self-reflection for Healthcare Views]
- Describe the skills that enable planning and active development of their medical career/s. [Critical Self-reflection for career development]
- Identify and explain factors that impact personal wellness, health and wellbeing and practice action orientated selfcare strategies in a supported environment. [Selfcare]
- Describe their own and acknowledge others’ cultural identity, worldviews, values and critically reflect upon the implications for future practice in healthcare. [Culturally safe practice]
- Describe Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander principles of health and wellbeing and explore co-designed and community-based models of care in the context of Australian healthcare service delivery. [Striving for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health and wellbeing equity]
- Explore and explain the impact of historic and current events, and how they perpetuate health inequity for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people at an individual, community and systemic level. [Barriers to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health and wellbeing equity]
- Describe the roles and responsibilities of medical professionals at a community level: and Identify opportunities to advocate for public health and equitable access to quality and environmentally sustainable healthcare. [Health and wellbeing advocacy]
- Describe and evaluate common health statistical and epidemiological concepts in the context of population health screening and monitoring the health status of populations. [Public Health/epidemiology]
- Apply behavioural and social science concepts, and principles of health promotion to analyse their influence on the health and wellbeing of individuals and populations. [Public Health]
- Explore how different activities in the delivery of healthcare contribute to the triple planetary crisis. [Environmentally sustainable healthcare]
- Define and apply the core concepts of planetary health, particularly as they relate to justice and equity. [Global and Planetary Health]
- Apply knowledge of molecules, cells and tissues to explain how key structures of discrete organs and organ systems contribute to function. [Molecular physiology]
- Describe the key events in the development of major body systems during embryogenesis and explain how deviations from these processes lead to common congenital disorders and malformations. [Embryology]
- Describe and identify the structures of organs, including their anatomical relations, vascularisation, innervation, and lymphatics. [Anatomy]
- Interpret anatomical structures from a variety of modes of representation and apply this understanding to common clinical scenarios. [Applied anatomy]
- Explain how the discrete functions and regulatory processes of organs and organ systems are integrated to maintain body function and maintain homeostasis. [Physiology]
- Examine the major pathological and pathophysiological processes that contribute to dysfunction; and explain the compensatory mechanisms, that attempt to maintain homeostasis. [Pathology]
- Explain how the scientific basis of diagnostic testing enables the identification of normal and/or abnormal structure and function and utilise principles to rationally select and interpret investigations in a clinical context. [Investigations]
- Explain the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of the common classes of pharmacological agents and implications for concomitant use. [Pharmacology]
- Apply principles of person-centred care within health system structures across diverse population settings. [Populations and health systems]
- Define and apply the core elements of the scientific method to appraise both quantitative and qualitative evidence. [Scientific method]
- Identify quality and safety frameworks, legislation, and clinical guidelines that support patient quality, safety, and risk mitigation. [Quality and safety]
- Identify foundations of quality improvement within healthcare. [Quality improvement]
Generative Artificial Intelligence in Assessment
The University acknowledges that Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen-AI) tools are an important facet of contemporary life. Their use in assessment is considered in line with students’ development of the skills and knowledge which demonstrate learning outcomes and underpin study and career success. Instructions on the use of Gen-AI are given for each assessment task; it is your responsibility to adhere to these instructions.
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Assessment details
Type Task % Timing* Outcomes assessed Computer-Aided Examination (Closed) Written examination 46.00% Final Examination Period 5,6,8,9,10,11,13,15,17,18,23,24,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41 Assignment Public Health Promotion 30.00% Week 7 25,26,27,28,29,39,40,41 Skills Test^ Competency assessment of procedural skills C Progressive 7,8,9 Portfolio^ SGL and Essential Skills Portfolio C Progressive 1,12,13,14,15,16,17,19,20,21,25,39 Written Report^ Community Placement and Field Report C To Be Negotiated 1,2,12,13,15,17,19,20,22,25,27 Performance Test Clinical Practice Assessment 24.00% To Be Negotiated 1,2,3,4,5,6,11,12 - ^ Students must pass this assessment to pass the subject
- * Assessment timing is indicative of the week that the assessment is due or begins (where conducted over multiple weeks), and is based on the standard University academic calendar
- C = Students must reach a level of competency to successfully complete this assessment.
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Assessment criteria
Assessment criteria
High Distinction 85-100 Outstanding or exemplary performance in the following areas: interpretative ability; intellectual initiative in response to questions; mastery of the skills required by the subject, general levels of knowledge and analytic ability or clear thinking. Distinction 75-84 Usually awarded to students whose performance goes well beyond the minimum requirements set for tasks required in assessment, and who perform well in most of the above areas. Credit 65-74 Usually awarded to students whose performance is considered to go beyond the minimum requirements for work set for assessment. Assessable work is typically characterised by a strong performance in some of the capacities listed above. Pass 50-64 Usually awarded to students whose performance meets the requirements set for work provided for assessment. Fail 0-49 Usually awarded to students whose performance is not considered to meet the minimum requirements set for particular tasks. The fail grade may be a result of insufficient preparation, of inattention to assignment guidelines or lack of academic ability. A frequent cause of failure is lack of attention to subject or assignment guidelines. Quality assurance
For the purposes of quality assurance, Bond University conducts an evaluation process to measure and document student assessment as evidence of the extent to which program and subject learning outcomes are achieved. Some examples of student work will be retained for potential research and quality auditing purposes only. Any student work used will be treated confidentially and no student grades will be affected.
Type | Task | % | Timing* | Outcomes assessed |
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Computer-Aided Examination (Closed) | Written examination | 46.00% | Final Examination Period | 5,6,8,9,10,11,13,15,17,18,23,24,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41 |
Assignment | Public Health Promotion | 30.00% | Week 7 | 25,26,27,28,29,39,40,41 |
Skills Test^ | Competency assessment of procedural skills | C | Progressive | 7,8,9 |
Portfolio^ | SGL and Essential Skills Portfolio | C | Progressive | 1,12,13,14,15,16,17,19,20,21,25,39 |
Written Report^ | Community Placement and Field Report | C | To Be Negotiated | 1,2,12,13,15,17,19,20,22,25,27 |
Performance Test | Clinical Practice Assessment | 24.00% | To Be Negotiated | 1,2,3,4,5,6,11,12 |
- ^ Students must pass this assessment to pass the subject
- * Assessment timing is indicative of the week that the assessment is due or begins (where conducted over multiple weeks), and is based on the standard University academic calendar
- C = Students must reach a level of competency to successfully complete this assessment.
Assessment criteria
High Distinction | 85-100 | Outstanding or exemplary performance in the following areas: interpretative ability; intellectual initiative in response to questions; mastery of the skills required by the subject, general levels of knowledge and analytic ability or clear thinking. |
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Distinction | 75-84 | Usually awarded to students whose performance goes well beyond the minimum requirements set for tasks required in assessment, and who perform well in most of the above areas. |
Credit | 65-74 | Usually awarded to students whose performance is considered to go beyond the minimum requirements for work set for assessment. Assessable work is typically characterised by a strong performance in some of the capacities listed above. |
Pass | 50-64 | Usually awarded to students whose performance meets the requirements set for work provided for assessment. |
Fail | 0-49 | Usually awarded to students whose performance is not considered to meet the minimum requirements set for particular tasks. The fail grade may be a result of insufficient preparation, of inattention to assignment guidelines or lack of academic ability. A frequent cause of failure is lack of attention to subject or assignment guidelines. |
Quality assurance
For the purposes of quality assurance, Bond University conducts an evaluation process to measure and document student assessment as evidence of the extent to which program and subject learning outcomes are achieved. Some examples of student work will be retained for potential research and quality auditing purposes only. Any student work used will be treated confidentially and no student grades will be affected.
Study Information
Submission procedures
Students must check the iLearn@Bond subject site for detailed assessment information and submission procedures.
Policy on late submission and extensions
A late penalty will be applied to all overdue assessment tasks unless an extension is granted by the subject coordinator. The standard penalty will be 10% of marks awarded to that assessment per day late with no assessment to be accepted seven days after the due date. Where a student is granted an extension, the penalty of 10% per day late starts from the new due date.
Academic Integrity
University’s Academic Integrity Policy defines plagiarism as the act of misrepresenting as one’s own original work: another’s ideas, interpretations, words, or creative works; and/or one’s own previous ideas, interpretations, words, or creative work without acknowledging that it was used previously (i.e., self-plagiarism). The University considers the act of plagiarising to be a breach of the Student Conduct Code and, therefore, subject to the Discipline Regulations which provide for a range of penalties including the reduction of marks or grades, fines and suspension from the University.
Bond University utilises Originality Reporting software to inform academic integrity.Feedback on assessment
Feedback on assessment will be provided to students within two weeks of the assessment submission due date, as per the Assessment Policy.
Accessibility and Inclusion Support
If you have a disability, illness, injury or health condition that impacts your capacity to complete studies, exams or assessment tasks, it is important you let us know your special requirements, early in the semester. Students will need to make an application for support and submit it with recent, comprehensive documentation at an appointment with a Disability Officer. Students with a disability are encouraged to contact the Disability Office at the earliest possible time, to meet staff and learn about the services available to meet your specific needs. Please note that late notification or failure to disclose your disability can be to your disadvantage as the University cannot guarantee support under such circumstances.
Additional subject information
The Australian Medical Council's Graduate Outcome Statements are organised into four domains. Within this Subject, the framework mapped to the learning outcomes (LOs)are: Clinical Practice Domain (LOs 1-12), Professionalism and Leadership Domain (LOs 13-21), Health and Society Domain (LOs 22-29) and Science and Scholarship Domain (LOs 30-41) 1. Clinical Practice: The medical graduate as a practitioner (CP) 2. Professionalism and Leadership: The medical graduate as a professional and leader (PL) 3. Health and Society: The medical graduate as a health and wellbeing advocate (HS) 4. Science and Scholarship: The medical graduate as scientist and scholar (SS)
Subject curriculum
A detailed curriculum has not been published for this subject.