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Almost half of mobile phones tested at the height of the pandemic were contaminated with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, bolstering a theory that the devices supercharged the spread of COVID-19.
Bond University conducted a systematic review of 15 studies from 10 countries that examined mobile phones for SARS-CoV-2 contamination in hospital settings between 2019 and 2023.
Of 511 phones, 231 (45 percent) tested positive for the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus which causes COVID-19.
In one 2022 study in France, 19 out of 19 phones were contaminated with the virus.
Lead researcher Dr Lotti Tajouri, an Associate Professor of Molecular Biology at Bond University, said he believed the systematic review provided a compelling explanation for the swift spread of COVID-19 around the world despite strict control measures including lockdowns, border closures, social distancing and masking.
Previous research established that the SARS-Cov-2 virus remained viable on glass surfaces such as mobile phones for up to 28 days.
Dr Tajouri said that with more than seven billion mobile phones in use worldwide, the devices effectively served as a ‘third hand’.
“You can wash your hands as many times as you want but as soon as you touch your mobile phone, you cross-contaminate yourself all over again,” Dr Tajouri said.
“Mobile phones are in the hands of billions of individuals, negating lifesaving hand-washing practices and might be responsible for carrying these viruses all around the world.
“In an earlier study we did in a hospital paediatric intensive care unit and paediatric emergency ward, we found 11,163 microbes on 26 healthcare workers’ mobile phones, with pathogenic viruses and antibiotic-resistant bacteria,” Dr Tajouri said.
Authors of the systematic review recommended enclosed ultraviolet-C light phone sanitisers be installed near hand-washing stations in high-risk environments such as hospitals, restaurants, cruise ships, airports, child and aged-care facilities.
“Take the healthcare sector as an example. If nurses and doctors use mobile phones in these settings and they don't know those mobile phones are contaminated, they are going to bring microbes to their supposedly clean hands,” Dr Tajouri said.
“When they touch then vulnerable patients, they might transmit those viruses to these fragile and immunocompromised individuals.”
UV-C light kills germs by damaging microbial DNA, and commercial UV-C phone sanitisers can disinfect a phone in 5-10 seconds.
“The future of infection control is technology driven,” Dr Tajouri said.
“I would like to see the UV-C phone sanitisers at least in healthcare settings, but I would love to see them even in areas like public toilets and bathrooms, in hotels and public spaces.”
Dr Tajouri said he became interested in researching germs on mobile phones while supporting his wife in hospital during a breech birth.
“I saw in the (operating) theatre healthcare workers with mobile phones and gloves on, taking care of my wife.
“This is when I started to think, oh my God, there is something wrong with mobile phones in those settings.”
This is the first systematic review to focus on mobile phone contamination with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.